Introduction

This course examines the roles of Scots who contributed to the comprehensive transformation of medicine in the nineteenth century. It begins by observing how laboratory practices led to improved techniques of medical diagnosis. This is followed by assessing how Scots contributed to the emerging collective identity of medical practitioners, as well as the improvements in licensing that led to reform of the medical professions. Many new developments in medical education also enabled women to qualify and practice medicine for the first time. Finally, using many Scottish examples, the last section of this course presents information about how healthcare institutions, namely asylums, were again influenced by social, economic, political and cultural contexts.

Learning Outcomes

After studying this course, you should be able to:

• Describe the Scottish contributions to the history of medical thinking and practice in the nineteenth century
• Give examples of many medical advances that were influenced by wider social, economic, political and cultural contexts
• Understand how developments in medical education permitted women to qualify and practice as doctors
• Appreciate that the laboratory had a limited impact on the medical practice until the twentieth century
• Describe the status of medical practitioners in Europe during the nineteenth century.